Conjugator and Dictionary expect dictionary form of the word, but it's possible to enter conjugated word-forms as well. In this case, built-in "deconjugator" will attempt to figure out the dictionary form.
Although rōmaji, kana and kanji inputs are all supported, the behaviour of the tools slightly differs depending on input type.
Rōmaji input. Entered word will be internally transliterated into hiragana fist. Then deconjugation will be performed and resulting hiragana form will be used to search kanji forms in the dictionary. Please note that hiragana form is treated as "kanji reading". That is, multiple different kanji of the same reading will be found. Finally, examples will be searched and all found forms of the entered word will be highlighted in the output.
Kana input. No transliteration will be done. The rest is the same as with rōmaji input.
Kanji input. Like with kana input, no transliteration will be done and deconjugation will be performed on word in its originally entered form. The dictionary will be searched for kanji readings then. So, if entered word has multiple different readings, all of them will be returned.
In addition, Dictionary module can perform non-Japanese word/phrases search using full-text search in dictionary glosses. Please notice that only Japanese source dictionaries are used so the search result is always a set of acticles on Japanese words.
Conjugator relies on JMDict determining the entered word's part of speech. In case it fails to found the word in dictionary, it uses some heuristics to figure out the part of speech by itself. Thus, any word that looks like Japanese verb or adjective including non-existent ones can be conjugated.
Examples module accepts English and Russian words and phrases as well as Japanese ones (kana/kanji only). Found Japanese example sentences will be splitted by words whenever the Japanese index for this sentence is available thus making it possible to perform Dictionary search.
KanaTran tool accepts only kana input and passes it to the kana-rōmaji/kiriji transliteration functions. Hapburn and Polivanov transtiteration systems are used for rōmaji and kiriji respectively. Intended for lazy learners. ;-)
Kanji dictionary uses KANJIDIC2 and RADKFILE/KRADFILE data for searching kanji and displaying the most useful info about them. You can search kanji using various criteria such as reading, stroke count, radicals, meaning, etc.
At last, Furigana helper module will try to analyze the Japanese text you enter (any text will be treated as Japanese) and supply it with readings (furigana). It also splits the text into separate words providing links to dictionary articles. The technology used doesn't provide very accurate results, unfortunately, but still allows to ease the life of a learner a lot.